OS(operating system)
An operating system (OS) is software that manages computer
hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer
programs. The operating system is an essential component of the system software
in a computer system. Application programs usually require an operating system
to function.
Time-sharing operating systems schedule tasks for efficient
use of the system and may also include accounting software for cost allocation
of processor time, mass storage, printing, and other resources.
For hardware functions such as input and output and memory
allocation, the operating system acts as an intermediary between programs and
the computer hardware,although the application code is usually executed
directly by the hardware and will frequently make a system call to an OS
function or be interrupted by it. Operating systems can be found on almost any
device that contains a computer—from cellular phones and video game consoles to
supercomputers and web servers.
Examples of popular modern operating systems include
Android, BSD, iOS, Linux, OS X, QNX, Microsoft Windows, Windows Phone, and IBM
z/OS. All these examples, except Windows, Windows Phone and z/OS, share roots
in UNIX.
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